Canine uncemented porous-coated anatomic total hip arthroplasty: results of a long-term prospective evaluation of 50 consecutive cases

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the long-term clinical and radiographic results of a canine uncemented porous-coated anatomic (PCA) total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Study design: Prospective study of consecutive clinical patients using survival analysis.

Animals: Forty-one dogs that underwent PCA THA; nine had bilateral PCA THA (50 prostheses).

Methods: Gait observation, orthopedic examination, and radiographic assessment were conducted before THA, 6 months after THA, and yearly thereafter. A zonal analysis system was used to document osseous changes in the femur and the acetabulum. Acetabular cup and femoral stem subsidence and migration, femoral canal fill, and implant orientation were measured. Survival analysis of the procedure was conducted.

Results: Long-term follow-up was available for 37 dogs (46 prostheses). The median follow-up was 63 months. Limb function was normal for 37 limbs and abnormal for 9 limbs because of dislocation (n = 3), lumbosacral disease (n = 2), degenerative myelopathy (n = 1), autoimmune disease (n = 1), brain tumor (n = 1), or osteosarcoma of the femur (n = 1). All prosthetic stems and cups were fixed by bone ingrowth fixation. Osteolysis was not observed. Bone infarction occurred in five femoral canals (four dogs). The 6-year survival rate for the procedure was 87% (95% confidence interval, 72%-96%).

Conclusions: Long-term fixation of the uncemented PCA acetabular cup and stem is successful in dogs, and long-term clinical function is excellent.