Appalachian perspective on modifiable risk factors in coronary artery disease: how well are we doing?

Abstract

Background: Despite recognition of modifiable risk factors and available and effective life-style and pharmacologic therapies, many individuals have unrecognized or untreated risk factors for coronary artery disease.

Methods: Using MEDLINE, we searched for relevant review articles and clinical trials related to hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking, physical activity, obesity, and psychologic risk factors for coronary artery disease. We carefully reviewed the literature and statistics on modifiable risk factors and identified appropriate physician interventions.

Results: A large amount of information is available on coronary artery disease and modifiable risk factors. Much of the data focuses on diagnosis and treatment to goal.

Conclusions: Coronary artery disease remains the number one cause of death in the United States and West Virginia, even though specific guidelines have been established for detection and treatment. The medical community needs to be more aggressive in managing modifiable risk factors.