Cardiac neoplasms at the Canadian Reference Centre for Cancer Pathology

Abstract

Objective: To review the Canadian Reference Centre for Cancer Pathology's experience with cardiac neoplasms by reviewing all cases with tumours involving the heart referred to the Centre from 1949 to 1995. Referred patient records, panel and consensus statement submissions and glass slides were reviewed in all cases. In selected cases additional immunohistochemical stains were obtained from paraffin block tissues.

Setting: National referral centre for difficult or interesting cancer pathology-related cases.

Patients: All cases were derived from referral of autopsy material and/or surgically resected neoplasms. Material was referred from 35 patients during 1949 to 1995. The group consisted of 17 males, 17 females and one infant patient in whom the sex was not specified. The patient age ranged from infancy to 85 years.

Results: The neoplasms referred consisted of 12 myxomas, 10 sarcomas, five lymphomas, two carcinomas, two papillary fibroelastomas and one each of rhabdomyoma, mesothelioma of the atrioventricular node, lipomatous hypertrophy of the intra-atrial septum and fibroma. The sarcomas were difficult to classify even with the use of additional immunohistochemical stains. All the lymphomas were of non-Hodgkin's type and were not of primary cardiac origin.

Conclusions: The series of neoplasms referred to the Canadian Reference Centre for Cancer Pathology reflects changes in cardiac surgery, cardiac imaging and cardiac pathology as disciplines. Even with modern pathological techniques some cases, especially sarcomas, are still difficult to diagnose. The clinical presentation often reflects the chamber of origin of the neoplasm rather than being indicative of a specific tumour type.