Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 1999 May 8;318(7193):1260-4.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.318.7193.1260.

ABC of labour care: operative delivery

G Chamberlain, P Steer
Review

ABC of labour care: operative delivery

G Chamberlain et al. BMJ. .
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure
Figure
Delivery in one hospital (with low primary caesarean section rate) among 330 women who had previously had caesarean section, 1995
Figure
Figure
Skin incisions used for caesarean section: for lower segment operation, a gently curved Pfannenstiel’s incision following the Langer’s lines in the skin, about 3 cm above the pubis in the centre; for classic upper segment operation, a vertical right paramedian incision from level of umbilicus to 3 cm above symphysis pubis
Figure
Figure
Extracting the fetal head through a lower segment caesarean section with Wrigley’s forceps
Figure
Figure
Operative delivery rates in England and Wales, 1955-95
Figure
Figure
Types of forceps used in Britain: straight Kielland’s forceps for rotation (left); curved Wrigley’s forceps for lower cavity traction (centre); curved Simpson’s forceps for mid-cavity traction (right)
Figure
Figure
Correct line for pull of forceps. The line of pull is the resultant of two lines of forces in mid-cavity. As the head descends, the line of pull needs to become more anterior to negotiate the pelvic curve
Figure
Figure
Vacuum extraction. Top: Chignon of loose skin raised by vacuum; note that pull is on the overhang. Bottom: Line of traction in the mid-cavity is more posterior than would be expected, so early episiotomy is indicated
Figure
Figure
Types of vacuum extractor: metal cap (left) and Silastic cap (right)
Figure
Figure
Sites for episiotomy: midline heals well; right oblique curves away from anus
Figure
Figure
Repair of episiotomy. A recent trial has shown that suturing of the skin is not necessary provided that the muscle layer is well closed
See this image and copyright information in PMC

MeSH terms