Effect of mild hypothermia on the changes of cerebral blood flow, brain blood barrier and neuronal injuries following reperfusion of focal cerebral ischemia in rats

Abstract

Objective: To compare the effects of mild hypothermia induced in different time courses on rats subjected to 3 hours (h) of ischemia followed by 3 h or 72 h of reperfusion.

Methods: Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three mild hypothermic (MHT, 32 +/- 0.2 degrees C) groups, including intra-ischemia (MHTi), intra-reperfusion (MHTr), and intra-ischemia/reperfusion (MHTi + r) group, and one normothermic group (NT, 37 +/- 0.2 degrees C) as the control. Reversible focal ischemia was carried out in rats with suture model. The cortical blood flow was measured during 3 h of ischemia followed by 3 h of reperfusion. The permeability of brain blood barrier (BBB) was estimated after 3 h of reperfusion. The infarct volume was measured at 72 h after reperfusion to determine the effects of MHT.

Results: The acute post-ischemic hyperperfusion and delayed hypoperfusion in ischemic perifocal region and sustained hypoperfusion in ischemic core were inhibited in MHTi + r and MHTi rats (P < 0.05). MHTi + r protection on post-ischemic progressive hypoperfusion in the perifocal region was more effective than that of MHTi (P < 0.05). The BBB disruption and the infarct volume were significantly reduced in both MHTi and MHTi + r groups (P < 0.05), especially in the MHTi + r rats.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that MHTi + r has more substantial protective effects on reducing ischemia/reperfusion injury than MHTi. It may inhibit post-ischemic hyperperfusion and delayed or sustained hypoperfusion in ischemic perifocal regions, and reduce brain blood barrier disruption in the cortex region.