The prevalence of urinary incontinence and its influence on the quality of life in women from an urban Swedish population

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence and its influence on the quality of life.

Material and methods: A random sample of every fourth woman aged > or =20 years resident in a primary health care district of the city of Göteborg was obtained from the population register (n=2911). The women were invited by letter to complete a questionnaire concerning urinary incontinence. The women were also requested to assess their quality of life using a visual analogue scale.

Results: The overall response rate was 77%. The prevalence of urinary incontinence increased (p<0.001) in a linear fashion from 3% in the cohort 20-29 years to 32 % in the cohort of women aged > or =80 years. The proportion of women suffering from stress incontinence decreased (p<0.001) with increasing age, while the proportion of women suffering from urge and mixed incontinence increased (p<0.01) with increasing age. Women with stress incontinence had a greater body weight and had given birth to a greater number of children compared to continent women. There was, however, in this respect no difference between women with urge incontinence and continent women. Women with urinary incontinence reported a poorer quality of life compared to continent women (p<0.01). Women with urge incontinence and women with mixed incontinence reported a poorer quality of life compared to women with stress incontinence (p<0.05). Only 6% of the women from this population had sought medical attention for urinary incontinence.

Conclusions: Although urinary incontinence was a prevalent condition, particularly among the elderly and had a negative influence on the quality of life, only a small number of women had sought medical care.