[Laboratory automation and information technology in clinical microbiology--computerized support system and clinical competence of laboratory physician]

Abstract

Laboratory automation and new information technology have considerable potential to improve care through protocols that reduce errors and guide diagnosis and therapy. Computer-based decision-support systems are now in place in many hospitals in the USA. For example, optimal decisions about the use of antibiotics in critically ill patients require access to a large amount of complex information, therefore a computerized decision-support program linked to computer-based patient records can assist physicians in the use of antiinfective agents and improve the quality of care. The support systems can educate physicians, guide their clinical reasoning, and measure the quality of the care that they provide. The installation of the computer components of the system is relatively easy, but the human components of the system may be much more difficult to transfer from hospital to hospital. The successful operation of the system should require a high level of clinical competence in every staff member of the hospital. The project should encompass a broad range of complex clinical conditions and decision algorithms. It must not be focused solely on the sophistication of laboratory methods. We, laboratory physicians/clinical pathologists must modify our behavior effectively and accept the value and limitations of laboratory automation and information technology. We must work more closely with physicians and other health care professionals as the best clients of our clinical laboratories and establish a good collaborative partnership with them.