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. 1999 Oct 5;131(7):502-6.
doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-131-7-199910050-00004.

Drug resistance patterns, genetic subtypes, clinical features, and risk factors in military personnel with HIV-1 seroconversion

S K Brodine  1 , R A Shaffer, M J Starkey, S A Tasker, J L Gilcrest, M K Louder, A Barile, T C VanCott, M T Vahey, F E McCutchan, D L Birx, D D Richman, J R Mascola
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Free article

Drug resistance patterns, genetic subtypes, clinical features, and risk factors in military personnel with HIV-1 seroconversion

S K Brodine et al. Ann Intern Med. .
Free article

Abstract

Background: Regular testing of military personnel identifies early HIV infection; this identification provides a sentinel cohort in which to describe the evolving molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 transmission.

Objective: To describe the prevalence and epidemiologic correlates associated with the acquisition of non-subtype B and drug-resistant HIV infections.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Military referral hospital.

Patients: 95 military personnel with HIV-1 seroconversion.

Measurements: Self-reported questionnaire, CD4 cell counts, plasma HIV-1 RNA levels, and nucleic acid sequence analysis for drug-resistant mutations and HIV-1 genetic subtype.

Results: 95 patients were enrolled between February 1997 and February 1998. The likely geographic location of HIV-1 acquisition was overseas in 8% of patients, the United States in 68%, and either overseas or the United States in 24%. Seven patients (7.4%) had subtype E infection; the remainder had subtype B infection. Eight of 31 (26%) treatment-naive patients had mutations in the reverse transcriptase or protease gene associated with drug resistance.

Conclusions: The percentage of HIV-1 non-subtype B infection and antiretroviral drug-resistant mutations was relatively high in U.S. military personnel with recently acquired HIV-1 infection.

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