Sonicated diagnostic immunoblot for bartonellosis

Abstract

Two simple Bartonella bacilliformis immunoblot preparation methods were developed. Antigen was prepared by two different methods: sonication of whole organisms or glycine extraction. Both methods were then tested for sensitivity and specificity. Well-defined control sera were utilized in the development of these diagnostic immunoblots, and possible cross-reactions were thoroughly examined. Sera investigated for cross-reaction with these diagnostic antigens were drawn from patients with brucellosis, chlamydiosis, Q fever, and cat scratch disease, all of whom were from regions where bartonellosis is not endemic. While both immunoblots yielded reasonable sensitivity and high specificity, we recommend the use of the sonicated immunoblot, which has a higher sensitivity when used to detect acute disease and produces fewer cross-reactions. The sonicated immunoblot reported here is 94% sensitive to chronic bartonellosis and 70% sensitive to acute bartonellosis. In a healthy group, it is 100% specific. This immunoblot preparation requires a simple sonication protocol for the harvesting of B. bacilliformis antigens and is well suited for use in regions of endemicity.

FIG. 1

Diagnostic immunoblot for Carrion's disease prepared by sonication harvesting of B. bacilliformis antigen. Lanes: A, positive control pool; B, negative control pool; C, B. bacilliformis-negative serum; D, B. bacilliformis-positive serum taken from a patient with acute disease; E, B. bacilliformis-positive serum taken from a patient with chronic disease. The diagnostic bands used in immunoblot interpretation are shown.