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Review
. 2000 Mar;20(6):1899-910.
doi: 10.1128/MCB.20.6.1899-1910.2000.

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes

M Vignali  1 , A H Hassan, K E Neely, J L Workman
Affiliations
Review

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes

M Vignali et al. Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Mar.
No abstract available

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Figures

FIG. 1
FIG. 1
Two-step model of SWI/SNF and RSC action in chromatin remodeling. The binding of the remodeling complex to chromatin is ATP independent (A). Upon ATP addition, the conformation of nucleosomes changes as a consequence of the alteration of histone-DNA interactions (B). This disruption results in remodeling of the chromatin (C), which might occur while the complex is still bound or might persist after it is released from the chromatin (indicated by the question mark). Remodeling that occurs may result in transfer of histone octamers to different DNA segments in trans or in sliding of the octamers in cis (i.e., to a different position in the same DNA molecule). The exact consequence of remodeling is likely dependent on the exact context of nucleosomes at a given promoter and can lead to either (i) activation of transcription or (ii) repression.
FIG. 2
FIG. 2
Cell cycle regulation of the SWI/SNF complex. The activity of hSWI/SNF is regulated, at least in part, by phosphorylation of some of its subunits. The complex is activated after G1 by a cyclin E/cdk2-dependent phosphorylation event of BAF155 and BRG1. Phosphorylation toward the end of G2, which might also occur at the level of BRG1, inactivates it, while a dephosphorylation even occurring late in G2 also seems to have an activating role in SWI/SNF function. The question marks denote the lack of information concerning how these two apparently contradictory sets of data are related.
FIG. 3
FIG. 3
Targeting of the SWI/SNF complex. The remodeling complexes are directed to sites in chromatin via their interactions with transcriptional regulatory factors. The available data do not distinguish between the two models presented. It is possible that the factor binds the DNA first and then acts as a docking pad for the remodeling complex. Alternatively, it is possible that the interaction between the factor and the remodeling complex takes place in solution and the DNA-binding domain of the transcription factor directs the remodeling complex to chromatin in a later step.
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