Granisetron, tropisetron, and ondansetron in the prevention of acute emesis induced by a combination of cisplatin-Adriamycin and by high-dose ifosfamide delivered in multiple-day continuous infusions

Abstract

The antiemetic efficacy of granisetron, ondansetron and tropisetron was evaluated in patients treated with cisplatin-Adriamycin (CDP/ADM) and ifosfamide (IFO) by continuous infusion (CI). In all, 90 patients with osteosarcoma were randomly assigned to receive granisetron (2 mg/m2), or ondansetron (5.3 mg/m2), or tropisetron (3.3 mg/m2) plus dexamethasone 8 mg/m2. Chemotherapy consisted of CDP (120 mg/m2, 48-h CI) followed by ADM (75 mg/m2, 24-h CI) and then, in the second cycle, delivered 3 weeks later, IFO 15 g/m2 (120-h CI). Complete protection (CP) from emesis was obtained on 59% of the 717 days of treatment, without significant differences among the three study drugs. A significantly higher rate of CP was obtained during chemotherapy with IFO than with CDP/ ADM (69% vs 44%; P<0.0001). The rate of CP declined from the first to the last day of treatment for both CDP/ADM (61% to 27%, P<0.0001) and IFO (95% to 43%) cycles (P<0.0001). When CDP/ ADM and IFO are delivered on multiple days by CI, granisetron, ondansetron and tropisetron have the same antiemetic efficacy, which declines from the first day onward through successive days.