[Use of angiotensin II receptor blockaders in heart failure]

Abstract

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and diuretics represent the first line of therapy in patients with symptomatic heart failure. Inhibition of angiotensin II production is, however, incomplete with ACE inhibitors, due to non-ACE dependent conversion pathways. Moreover, some patients are intolerant to ACE inhibitors due to side effects or renal insufficiency. Angiotensin II receptor blockers may be an alternative to, or an additional treatment in heart failure. Preliminary studies comparing the angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan with placebo have demonstrated improved haemodynamic parameters, reduced hospitalisation and mortality in patients with heart failure. Reduced morbidity and mortality have also been found with losartan treatment, as compared to the ACE inhibitor captopril. This paper discusses the role of angiotensin II receptor blockers in the treatment of heart failure. Some results from published studies and a short description of ongoing trials are presented.