[Early, targeted population based screening for COPD. Preliminary study]

Abstract

COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in Poland, unfortunately diagnosed not early enough. The aim of the study was to establish prevalence of COPD in chronic smokers. Therefore, using daily press and TV, smokers with at least 10 year history of smoking, over 40 years of age, were invited for a free spirometry. 263 subjects (177 M and 86 F) mean age 54 +/- 0.6 years were examined. Most of them (97.7%) were smokers with a history of 32.2 +/- 0.9 pack-years, 6 persons (2.3%) were passive smokers. 110 persons (41.8%) presented bronchial obstruction, the remaining (58.2%) had normal spirometric values. Following recommendations of the Polish Society of Physio-pneumonology bronchial obstruction was classified as mild in 25.1%,- moderate in 12.1% and severe in 4.6% subjects. Majority of examined subjects presented with COPD symptoms, cough (62.7%), expectoration (68.8%) and dyspnoea (50.2%). The presence of those symptoms did not differ among groups with different severity of bronchial obstruction. However, there were significant differences in age (p < 0.05) and years of smoking habit (p < 0.01). The great efficacy of targeted screening for COPD (40%) should be an incentive to perform routine spirometric examination in smokers with more than 20 years of smoking history.