Comparative evaluation of conventional and novel antipsychotic drugs with reference to their subjective tolerability, side-effect profile and impact on quality of life

Abstract

This study compared the effectiveness of conventional and novel antipsychotic drugs from a patient's perspective. Five comparable groups of schizophrenic patients (n=230) clinically stabilized on conventional antipsychotic drugs, risperidone, olanzepine, quetiapine or clozapine for a period of 6months or longer were cross-sectionally evaluated. Patients' clinical symptom profile, subjective responses and attitudes toward drugs, prevalence of dysphoria, akathisia, abnormal involuntary movements and Parkinsonian symptoms, and quality of life were ascertained using standardized rating scales. Between-group differences were examined with analysis of variance and chi-square tests. Patients receiving novel antipsychotic drugs experienced fewer side-effects, reported positive subjective responses and favourable attitudes toward their treatment, and revealed a lower prevalence of neuroleptic dysphoria. The differences were statistically significant (p<0.05) with the risperidone, olanzepine and quetiapine groups. Self-rated quality of life, measured with the sickness impact profile, was also significantly better among patients receiving novel antipsychotic drugs. These perceived benefits, however, were not reflected in the clinician rated (objective) measures of psychosocial functioning and quality of life. These findings substantiate the general notion that novel antipsychotic medications are uniformly better tolerated as indicated by the measures of subjective responses, side-effects and self rated quality of life.