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. 2000 Jun 24;320(7251):1708-12.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.320.7251.1708.

Maternal age and fetal loss: population based register linkage study

A M Nybo Andersen  1 , J Wohlfahrt, P Christens, J Olsen, M Melbye
Affiliations

Maternal age and fetal loss: population based register linkage study

A M Nybo Andersen et al. BMJ. .

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the association between maternal age and fetal death (spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, stillbirth), taking into account a woman's reproductive history.

Design: Prospective register linkage study.

Subjects: All women with a reproductive outcome (live birth, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion leading to admission to hospital, induced abortion, ectopic pregnancy, or hydatidiform mole) in Denmark from 1978 to 1992; a total of 634 272 women and 1 221 546 pregnancy outcomes.

Main outcome measures: Age related risk of fetal loss, ectopic pregnancy, and stillbirth, and age related risk of spontaneous abortion stratified according to parity and previous spontaneous abortions.

Results: Overall, 13.5% of the pregnancies intended to be carried to term ended with fetal loss. At age 42 years, more than half of such pregnancies resulted in fetal loss. The risk of a spontaneous abortion was 8.9% in women aged 20-24 years and 74.7% in those aged 45 years or more. High maternal age was a significant risk factor for spontaneous abortion irrespective of the number of previous miscarriages, parity, or calendar period. The risk of an ectopic pregnancy and stillbirth also increased with increasing maternal age.

Conclusions: Fetal loss is high in women in their late 30s or older, irrespective of reproductive history. This should be taken into consideration in pregnancy planning and counselling.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Risk of fetal loss from spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, and stillbirth according to maternal age at conception
Figure 2
Figure 2
Risk of spontaneous abortion according to maternal age at conception, stratified according to calendar period
Figure 3
Figure 3
Risk of spontaneous abortion in nulliparous and parous women according to maternal age at conception and number of spontaneous abortions in preceding 10 years
Figure 4
Figure 4
Risk of ectopic pregnancy according to maternal age at conception
Figure 5
Figure 5
Risk of stillbirth according to maternal age at conception
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Comment in

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