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. 2000 Jul;38(7):2546-9.
doi: 10.1128/JCM.38.7.2546-2549.2000.

Helicobacter canadensis sp. nov. isolated from humans with diarrhea as an example of an emerging pathogen

J G Fox  1 , C C Chien, F E Dewhirst, B J Paster, Z Shen, P L Melito, D L Woodward, F G Rodgers
Affiliations

Helicobacter canadensis sp. nov. isolated from humans with diarrhea as an example of an emerging pathogen

J G Fox et al. J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Jul.

Abstract

We recently analyzed 11 helicobacter isolates cultured from diarrhea patients in Canada. These isolates had been characterized biochemically by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP; AluI, HhaI) analysis and by fatty-acid analysis as Helicobacter pullorum. However, four of the isolates differed biochemically from H. pullorum by their inability to hydrolyze indoxyl acetate and their resistance to nalidixic acid. Using complete 16S rRNA analysis, we determined that these four strains clustered near H. pullorum but had a sequence difference of 2% and therefore represent a novel helicobacter, Helicobacter canadensis. This novel helicobacter could also be distinguished from H. pullorum by RFLP analysis using ApaLI. The number of novel Helicobacter spp. associated with gastrointestinal disease in humans and animals is rapidly increasing. There are now six Helicobacter spp. isolated from diarrheic humans, the other five being H. pullorum, H. canis, "H. rappini," H. fennelliae, and H. cinaedi. This finding highlights the importance of careful molecular analysis in addition to standard biochemical tests in identifying the increasing number of Helicobacter spp. isolated from humans and animals.

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Figures

FIG. 1
FIG. 1
Dendrogram depicting the taxonomic location of H. canadensis, based on 16S rRNA sequence similarity values. Scale bar = 5% difference in the nucleotide sequence as determined by measuring the lengths of the horizontal lines connecting any two species.
FIG. 2
FIG. 2
PCR-RFLP patterns for H. pullorum and H. canadensis of 1.2-kb 16S rRNA Helicobacter-specific PCR products. (A) AluI digestion; (B) HhaI digestion; (C) ApaLI digestion. The 1.2-kb PCR product of the Helicobacter 16S rRNA gene was digested for 3 h with selected endonucleases and then separated by electrophoresis on a 6% Visigel matrix. Lane M, 100-bp DNA ladder; lane 1, H. pullorum NCTC 12824; lane 2, H. pullorum NCTC 12827; lane 3, H. pullorum human isolate MIT 98-5493; lane 4, H. pullorum human isolate MIT 98-5494; lanes 5 to 8, H. canadensis isolates NLEP-16143, NLEP-16767, NLEP-17813, and NLEP-99-3017.
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