Dog bites in children treated in a pediatric emergency department

Abstract

Issues and purpose: Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death and disability among children. This study sought to describe the characteristics of dog bite injuries to aid in promoting healthy environments for children.

Design and methods: This descriptive, retrospective study of one hospital's 1997 emergency department records detailed dog bite injuries to children and adolescents and resultant emergency treatment (N = 204).

Results: Children < or = 5 years of age accounted for 49% of the injuries. The biting dog's owner was generally a parent or neighbor. Only 2 children received rabies prophylaxis.

Practice implications: Parents and children need information about safe interactions with dogs, including community leash laws and quarantine guidelines. Nurses should know the procedures for reporting dog bite injuries to local health authorities. Interested nurses can find many opportunities to assist with community safety campaigns.