Development and optimisation of a flow injection assay for fluticasone propionate using an asymmetrical design and the variable-size simplex algorithm

Abstract

A flow injection analysis method is described to determine fluticasone propionate, based upon a novel adaptation of the reaction of o-phthalaldehyde with a thiol and a primary amine. The method, which allows both UV and fluorescence detection, has been optimised using experimental design. First a screening is executed to select the significant factors and in a second step these factors are optimised with the variable-size simplex algorithm. In the screening step, a two-level fractional factorial design is compared with an asymmetrical design containing the same number of experiments, but in which one factor is at three levels. It was found that in both designs the same significant variables are detected for the two-level factors, but that for the three-level factor the asymmetrical design confirms an expectation of having a (local) optimum in the examined domain, whilst from the two-level design this is not at all apparent. Complete optimisation was carried out for both UV and fluorescence detection. The two detection methods did not have the same significant variables. For the UV detection, the temperature and the pH adjustment on-line (concentration of sodium hydroxide and amount of boric acid) were the most critical parameters. For the fluorimetric detection the temperature and the fraction of methanol were critical. Moreover the conditions found to be optimal are different for both detection methods.