Epirubicin 150 mg/m2-cisplatin versus epirubicin 180 mg/m2-cisplatin for advanced soft tissue sarcoma

Abstract

We have previously reported the superiority of the epirubicin 180 mg/m2-cisplatin combination over single drug epirubicin 180 mg/m2 for advanced soft tissue sarcoma both in terms of response (54% vs. 29%, p = 0.025) and survival (p = 0.001). The aim of the present study was to establish whether decreasing the dosage of epirubicin to 150 mg/m2 would result in the same activity but with less hematological toxicity. One hundred fifty-nine patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma were randomized for either epirubicin 150 mg/m2-cisplatin 120 mg/m2 (group A) or epirubicin 180 mg/m2-cisplatin 120 mg/m2 (group B). The results were as follows: group A: 79 patients were evaluated. Overall response rate was 24/79 (30%) (95% CI 21-41%). Median survival was 11 months and probability of survival at 1 year was 0.46. Grade IV granulocytopenia was present in 111/274 cycles and febrile neutropenia in 22/274. Group B: 73 patients were evaluated. The overall response rate was 39/73 (53%), (95% CI 42-64%). Median survival was 14 months and probability of survival at 1 year was 0.58. Grade IV granulocytopenia was present in 136/295 cycles and febrile neutropenia in 30/295. The differences were as follows: for overall response rate p = 0.004; power (for p = 0.05) 85%; for survival p = 0.09; for grade IV granulocytopenia p = 0.3; and for febrile neutropenia p = 0.61. A survival advantage (p = 0.043) was evident for patients randomized to group B and with performance status 0 or 1 compared with similar patients from group A. A plateau-like formation on the probability level of 0.26 on the survival curve started from month 26 onwards. In conclusion, both regimens share the same toxicity but epirubicin 180 mg/m2-cisplatin seems more active in soft tissue sarcoma, possibly indicating a breakthrough for activity between an epirubicin dosage of 150 mg/m2 and 180 mg/m2 in combination with cisplatin. The superiority of the epirubicin 180 mg/m2-cisplatin regimen appears evident both in terms of response and survival.