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Comment
. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9360-2.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.97.17.9360.

Ions, cell volume, and apoptosis

S P Yu  1 , D W Choi
Affiliations
Comment

Ions, cell volume, and apoptosis

S P Yu et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. .
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Apoptotic volume decrease. (Upper) K+ efflux, accompanied by the efflux of Cl−, organic anions, and water, is a plausible prerequisite for cellular volume reduction and has been specifically implicated in regulatory volume decrease. The Na+,K+-ATPase and other ion transporters and exchangers likely also participate in cell volume control and ion homeostasis. Typical ion concentrations are depicted; these vary somewhat in different cell types (–56). (Lower) Speculative model outlining the possible participation of three highly interlinked events in AVD. Double lines depict inhibitory events, and dotted lines depict undefined relationships. Apoptotic triggers may activate K+ or Cl− channels, leading to K+ and Cl− efflux, water efflux, and AVD. If K+ or Cl− efflux to greater extent than water efflux, [K+]i or [Cl−]i will fall. Decreases in [K+]i, [Cl−]i, or volume each may independently promote apoptosis; alternatively one event may critically promote apoptosis, and the effects of other events may be primarily mediated through that critical event. For example, Cl− efflux might promote apoptosis primarily by facilitating K+ efflux and hence reduction in [K+]i, permitting the K+-inhibited activation of caspases and endonucleases.
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