Team sports participation and risk-taking behaviors among a biracial middle school population

Abstract

Objective: There have been no large studies of middle school students to assess the association between team sports participation and risk-taking behaviors, despite evidence in high school and collegiate athletes. Our study evaluated whether team sports participation is associated with specific risk-taking behaviors among a biracial middle school population.

Design: A cross-sectional survey using the Youth Risk Behavior Survey: Middle School Questionnaire.

Setting: Twenty-two public middle schools in three rural counties in eastern North Carolina.

Participants: 4,346 middle school students in grades 6-8 completed the survey. All students participated if present in school the day the survey was administered. 648 students fulfilled specific exclusion criteria.

Main outcome measure: Multiple logistic regression examined team sports participation as a predictor of 17 risk-taking behaviors while controlling for gender, race, and grade.

Results: Of the 3,698 students, 49% were male, 49.5% Caucasian, and 52.5% were involved in team sports. Sports participants, as compared with non-sports participants, reported significantly higher frequencies for carrying a gun (p < 0.001), carrying a weapon (p < 0.001), being in a physical fight (p < 0.001), current use of alcohol (p = 0.001), and experimentation with cigarettes and chewing tobacco (p < 0.001). In the multiple logistic regression analysis team sports participation was associated with the following behaviors: carrying a weapon (odds ratio 1.25, 95% confidence intervals 1.0731-1.4540), physical fight (1.15, 1.0017-1.3253), current alcohol use (1.24, 1.0560-1.4611), and experimentation with cigarettes (1.26, 1.0991-1.4502), cocaine (1.37, 1.0300-1.8139) and inhalants (1.20, 1.0141-1.4130).

Conclusions: Among a biracial middle school population, sports participants were more likely to demonstrate certain risk-taking behaviors when compared with non-sports participants. Further research is necessary to understand the relationships between risk-taking behaviors and team sports participation.