Calcium-induced noncovalently linked tetramers of MRP8 and MRP14 are confirmed by electrospray ionization-mass analysis

Abstract

Proteins of the S100- family such as MRP8 (S100A8) and MRP14 (S100A9)-and its isoform MRP14*-show two calcium-binding sites (EF hands) per protein chain. MRP8, MRP14*, and MRP14, isolated from human granulocytes or monocytes, are known to form noncovalently associated complexes; the exact stoichiometries of these complexes in the presence of calcium are still controversially discussed in the literature. The present electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) study shows that MRP8, MRP14*, and MRP14 exist as heterodimers MRP8/14* and MRP8/14, respectively, in the absence of calcium confirming both a recent nuclear magnetic resonance study and a biochemical study on this topic. Furthermore, this ESI-MS study confirms the previously published matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-MS study, which states that the MRP8/14* and MRP8/14 heterodimeric complexes tetramerize to heterotetramers (MRP8/14*)2, (MRP8/14*)(MRP8/14), and (MRP8/14)2, respectively, in the presence of calcium. The number of Ca2+ ions bound to the individual tetramer is determined to be eight for nonphosphorylated fractions; this is in agreement with the previously reported MALDI study on these fractions. About 1.2 Ca2+ ions more are bound to the phosphorylated form; it is speculated that the additional Ca2+ ions are bound to the phosphate groups in the tetramers. This study is, therefore, convincing proof of the reliability of MALDI-MS in studying noncovalent protein-protein interactions.