Strategic embolisation for successful resection of a large cerebral arteriovenous malformation

Abstract

The risks accompanied by the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) are still cumulative despite recent progress in available treatment options. Pre-operative embolisation is one such option, however, it seldom makes the surgical resection difficult. The excessive embolised nidus makes the surgical resection difficult because it cannot be compressed during the resection surgery and embolised nidus as a 'glue ball' with marginal hypervascular territory is most difficult to remove. The aim of pre-operative embolisation for successful surgical resection is to put glue into the marginal part of the nidus so as to make a cleavage between the surrounding normal tissues. Remaining feedings via the dilatated leptomeningeal anastomoses from surrounding normal cortical arteries do not interfere with the resection and can be eliminated easily by coagulating the pia matter around the nidus. Strategic planning with regard to the systemic course of treatment, including the manner of resection, is important for effective pre-operative embolisation.