Tolerance of the normal canine brain to epithermal neutron irradiation in the presence of p-boronophenylalanine

Abstract

Twelve normal dogs underwent brain irradiation in a mixed-radiation, mainly epithermal neutron field at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor following intravenous infusion of 950 mg of 10B-enriched BPA/kg as its fructose complex. The 5 x 10 cm irradiation aperture was centered over the left hemisphere. For a subgroup of dogs reported previously, we now present more detailed analyses including dose-volume relationships, longer follow-ups, MRIs, and histopathological observations. Peak doses (delivered to 1 cm3 of brain at the depth of maximum thermal neutron flux) ranged from 7.6 Gy (photon-equivalent dose: 11.8 Gy-Eq) to 11.6 Gy (17.5 Gy-Eq). The average dose to the brain ranged from 3.0 Gy (4.5 Gy-Eq) to 8.1 Gy (11.9 Gy-Eq) and to the left hemisphere, 6.6 Gy (10.1 Gy-Eq) to 10.0 Gy (15.0 Gy-Eq). Maximum tolerated 'threshold' doses were 6.7 Gy (9.8 Gy-Eq) to the whole brain and 8.2 Gy (12.3 Gy-Eq) to one hemisphere. The threshold peak brain dose was 9.5 Gy (14.3 Gy-Eq). At doses below threshold, some dogs developed subclinical MRI changes. Above threshold, all dogs developed dose-dependent MRI changes, neurological deficits, and focal brain necrosis.