Antiasthmatic effects of mediator blockade versus topical corticosteroids in allergic rhinitis and asthma

Abstract

To compare the antiasthmatic efficacy of inflammatory mediator blockade versus topical corticosteroid therapy in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and asthma, 14 patients were enrolled into a single-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled crossover study comparing 2 wk therapy of (1) 400 microgram orally inhaled budesonide plus 200 microgram intranasal budesonide (BUD) or (2) 10 mg oral montelukast plus 10 mg oral cetirizine (ML + CZ). Before each treatment period, patients received 7 to 10 d placebo washout. All treatments were given once daily in the morning. Throughout the study, patients recorded the following domiciliary measures: peak expiratory flow (PEF), rescue inhaler requirement, asthma symptoms, and daily activity score. Laboratory measurements were made at trough of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) bronchial challenge and exhaled nitric oxide (NO). Compared with pooled placebo (PL), there were significant (p < 0.05) improvements in all domiciliary measures with both treatments (mean PEF [L/min] PL: 463; BUD: 478; ML + CZ: 483). For geometric mean AMP PC(20) (mg/ml), there was an improvement (p < 0.05), compared with PL (47), for ML + CZ (133) but not for BUD (51); whereas for NO (ppb) there was significant suppression with BUD (7.6) but not ML + CZ (11.5) compared with PL (13.6). In conclusion, both combined mediator blockade and combined topical corticosteroids are equally effective antiasthma therapy in patients with asthma and SAR.