Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2000 Oct 14;321(7266):947-50.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7266.947.

How can cigarette smuggling be reduced?

L Joossens  1 , M Raw
Affiliations

How can cigarette smuggling be reduced?

L Joossens et al. BMJ. .
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure
Figure
Customs officers checking a container of contraband cigarettes at the port of Marseille
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Joossens L, Raw M. Smuggling and cross border shopping of tobacco in Europe. BMJ. 1995;310:1393–1397. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Joossens L, Raw M. Cigarette smuggling in Europe: who really benefits. Tobacco Control. 1998;7:66–71. - PMC - PubMed
    1. BATCo Global Five-year Plan 1994-1998 (BB0153/DEP0274/500018206/). In: www.ash.org.uk/smuggling (accessed 21 Sep 2000).
    1. Market Tracking International. World tobacco file 1998. London: Market Tracking International; 1998.
    1. Health Canada. Survey on smoking in Canada, Cycle 1 fact sheets. Ottawa: Health Canada; 1994.

Publication types