Estimation of magnetization transfer rates from PACE experiments with pulsed RF saturation

Abstract

A new imaging method has been developed for estimating the magnetization transfer rate (MTR) in a biologic two-pool system such as the brain tissue. The transfer rate is calculated from the ratio of the MTR to T(1sat), where T(1sat) is the apparent longitudinal relaxation time under complete saturation of the macromolecular pool. MTR and T(1sat) maps were obtained with a phase acquisition of composite echo (PACE) technique combined with pulsed radiofrequency (RF) saturation. The influences of RF saturation power and frequency offset on quantitative results were investigated with phantom and in vivo measurements. In white matter of seven healthy volunteers we found a mean transfer rate of 1.5 sec(-1), where the highest transfer rate was found in the genu of the corpus callosum (k(f) = 1. 9 sec(-1)). It could be shown that conditions near to complete saturation can also be reached under common restrictions by the specific absorption rate.