Brånemark system implants in the posterior maxilla: clinical study of 660 implants followed for 5 to 12 years

Abstract

Originally, osseointegrated implants were used principally in the anterior region of the mandible and maxilla, but use in the posterior segments of both arches is common today. The long-term success of implants placed in the posterior region, an environment of stronger forces and poorer bone quality, has not been thoroughly reviewed. The purpose of the present study was to review a large series of Brånemark System implants placed in posterior maxillae (660 implants in 202 patients) that have been restored with fixed partial ceramometal restorations and followed for as long as 12 years after loading. Thirteen of the implants (2%) failed between placement and loading, 12 implants were lost between loading and the end of the first year, and 10 failed thereafter, 2 as the result of fractures at 3 and 4 years. The cumulative success rate is therefore 94.4% at 5 to 6 years and 93.4% after 10 years. The quality and quantity of bone appeared to have little influence on the success rate. Surgical techniques are particularly important to the success of osseointegrated implants placed in the posterior maxilla. With careful surgical planning and execution, a success rate of approximately 95% at 5 years can be achieved.