Role of platelet-derived growth factor as an adjunct to surgery in the management of pressure ulcers

Abstract

Management options for pressure ulcers include local wound care, surgical repair, and, more recently, topical application of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). PDGF is a glycoprotein that is mitogenic for mesenchymal cells and has been studied extensively for applicability in promoting the healing of chronic human wounds. Using data obtained from a multicenter clinical trial for the treatment of full-thickness pressure ulcers, a subset analysis was performed to investigate the outcome of salvage surgery for pressure ulcers, after incomplete closure occurred with the topical use of either recombinant human PDGF-BB (rhPDGF-BB) or placebo gel. At the University of Michigan Wound Care Center, subset data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group clinical trial were reviewed to compare the effects of three concentrations of rhPDGF-BB on full-thickness pressure ulcers of the trunk with those of the placebo. Twenty-eight patients were enrolled and 27 completed the trial. An intent-to-treat analysis was used to evaluate data. If the ulcer did not heal by the end of the 16-week trial period, the surgeon, still blinded to the treatment group, offered salvage surgical repair of the pressure ulcer. Eleven patients underwent salvage surgical repair using myocutaneous flaps, primary closure, or skin grafts. Of three patients who received placebo followed by surgery, none progressed to full healing within 1 year. Of 12 patients in the treatment group who received rhPDGF-BB and salvage surgery, 11 (92 percent) ultimately healed the ulcers within 1 year after the start of the clinical trial. These findings suggest that treatment with rhPDGF-BB before surgery enhances the ability to achieve a closed wound over surgery alone. It must yet be determined to what degree rhPDGF-BB contributed to the excellent results seen in the rhPDGF-BB/surgery group. It is possible that rhPDGF-BB "primes" the local wound milieu to make it more responsive to complete closure following surgical treatment.