Membranous glomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Abstract

A 66-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of edema of the extremities. Laboratory findings suggested that she had nephrotic syndrome and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Renal biopsy (with PAM staining) showed a spike formation in the capillary wall. Immunofluorescent staining revealed deposition of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the third component of complement in the glomerular basement membrane. Electron microscopy showed fibrillary deposits in the subepithelium. These findings indicated membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN). In addition, focal segmental sclerosis and interstitial lymphocytic infiltration were observed in the renal biopsy specimen. In CLL patients nephrotic syndrome occurs rarely. Even if the complication occurs, MGN is not frequent. Both diseases are suspected to occur in association with each other, and immunologic abnormality contributes to their coexistence. Although administration of prednisolone and endoxan improved leukocytosis, proteinuria was not sufficiently improved with combination therapy.