Brain Abscess, Subdural Empyema, and Intracranial Epidural Abscess

Abstract

Brain abscess, subdural empyema, and intracranial epidural abscess are three of the most commonly encountered focal suppurative processes of the central nervous system. A great deal has been known about the epidemiology and pathogenesis of these entities for quite some time, but until recent years the associated morbidity and mortality remained very high. New imaging techniques have allowed for more rapid detection and more precise localization of these lesions for surgical drainage. Empiric antimicrobial regimens that are effective within the abscess environment and that are directed against the most likely pathogens have also contributed to the improved outcomes seen in the current literature. This article will discuss some of the more recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of these suppurative lesions within the central nervous system.