Grading of functional results of elbow joint arthrolysis after fracture treatment

Abstract

In the treatment of posttraumatic contracture of the elbow joint, arthrolysis is a proven procedure. We used a stepwise operative approach starting laterally and including an additional medial and dorsal incision if needed. A total of 91 patients with arthrolysis of the elbow could be followed-up on average 44 months (range 9-102 months) joint after operative (58, 63.7%) and non-operative (33, 36.3%) fracture treatment. The mean preoperative range of motion (ROM) in flexion/extension was 49 degrees (SD +/- 38 degrees), while in pronation/supination it was 89 degrees (SD +/- 66 degrees). Postoperatively, the ROM was on average 94 degrees (SD +/- 27 degrees) in flexion/extension and 129 degrees (SD +/- 52 degrees) in pronation/supination. Using our own grading system, it became evident that most patients had a functional benefit from the procedure, although the quality of the improvement differed. For example, postoperatively 59.3% of the patients were grade I (> or = 90 degrees) in flexion/extension compared with 16.5% preoperatively. Although the rest also showed improvements, their functional benefit was less. The earlier the release of the joints was performed, the better was the functional outcome (p < 0.05). The importance of an intensive early rehabilitation programme is emphasised while indications for this procedure should only be seen in compliant patients.