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. 2001 Jan;67(1):445-8.
doi: 10.1128/AEM.67.1.445-448.2001.

Relative distribution and conservation of genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium phage type DT104

T S Frana  1 , S A Carlson, R W Griffith
Affiliations

Relative distribution and conservation of genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium phage type DT104

T S Frana et al. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Jan.

Abstract

PCR was used to identify genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in 422 veterinary isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium. The identities of extra-integron genes encoding resistance to streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, and apramycin were evaluated. Gentamicin resistance was conferred by the aadB gene. Kanamycin resistance was encoded by either the aphA1-Iab gene or the Kn gene. Apramycin resistance was determined by the aacC4 gene. Analysis of gene distribution did not reveal significant differences with regard to phage type, host species, or region except for the Kn gene, which was found mostly in nonclinical isolates. The data from this study indicate that pentaresistant DT104 does not acquire extra-integron genes in species- or geography-related foci, which supports the hypothesis that clonal expansion is the method of spread of this organism.

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Figures

FIG. 1
FIG. 1
Agarose gel electrophoresis of amplicons following PCR for aminoglycoside resistance genes of multiresistant S. enterica serotype Typhimurium. Lanes M and m contained 100- and 50-bp molecular weight standards (GIBCO BRL), respectively. Lane 1, aadB amplicon obtained by using template DNA from a representative gentamicin-resistant strain; lanes 2 and 3, aphA-lab and Kn amplicons, respectively, obtained by using template DNA from representative kanamycin-resistant strains; lane 4, aacC4 amplicon obtained by using template DNA from a representative apramycin-resistant strain; lane 5, aadA2 amplicon obtained by using template DNA from a representative phage type DT208 isolate (all isolates yielded this amplicon [data not shown]); lanes 6 through 10, cmlA-tetR amplicons, or lack of these amplicons, obtained by using template DNA from representatives of phage type DT104 (lane 6), U302 (lane 7), DT193 (lane 8), DT120 (lane 9), and DT208 (lane 10). The positions of specific molecular weight standards and amplicon sizes are indicated on the left and right.
FIG. 2
FIG. 2
Geographic distribution of strains possessing genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. Individual isolates are indicated on the basis of their genes. (red, aadB; green, aacC4; black, Kn; blue, aphA-lab). For isolates with two or more genes, there is a colored dot for each gene. Nine isolates, all obtained from FSIS, were not attributed to a geographic location. One isolate was obtained from outside the United States.
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References

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