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. 2000 Dec 1;25(23):3087-92.
doi: 10.1097/00007632-200012010-00018.

Flexion and rotation of the trunk and lifting at work are risk factors for low back pain: results of a prospective cohort study

W E Hoogendoorn  1 , P M Bongers, H C de Vet, M Douwes, B W Koes, M C Miedema, G A Ariëns, L M Bouter
Affiliations

Flexion and rotation of the trunk and lifting at work are risk factors for low back pain: results of a prospective cohort study

W E Hoogendoorn et al. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). .

Abstract

Study design: A 3-year prospective cohort study among workers of 34 companies in the Netherlands.

Objectives: To investigate the relation between flexion and rotation of the trunk and lifting at work and the occurrence of low back pain.

Summary of background data: Previous studies on work-related physical risk factors for low back pain either lacked quantification of the physical load or did not take confounding by individual and psychosocial factors into account.

Methods: The study population consisted of 861 workers with no low back pain at baseline and complete data on the occurrence of low back pain during the 3-year follow-up period. Physical load at work was assessed by means of analyses of video-recordings. Information on other risk factors and the occurrence of low back pain was obtained by means of self-administered questionnaires.

Results: An increased risk of low back pain was observed for workers who worked with the trunk in a minimum of 60 degrees of flexion for more than 5% of the working time (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.1), for workers who worked with the trunk in a minimum of 30 degrees of rotation for more than 10% of the working time (RR 1.3, 95% CI 0.9-1. 9), and for workers who lifted a load of at least 25 kg more than 15 times per working day (RR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.3).

Conclusions: Flexion and rotation of the trunk and lifting at work are moderate risk factors for low back pain, especially at greater levels of exposure.

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