Revisional surgery for morbid obesity--conversion to the Lap-Band system

Abstract

Background: The safety and effectiveness of conversion to the Lap-Band system, of patients who had failure of adequate weight loss and/or severe symptoms from prior bariatric procedures has been measured by prospective evaluation of a consecutive group of 50 patients.

Methods: The patients were drawn as a subgroup of 713 patients who had placement of the Lap-Band system between July 1994 and May 2000. The preceding procedures were gastroplasty (35 patients), non-adjustable gastric banding (11), gastric bypass (2) and jejuno-ileal bypass (2). All operations were by open laparotomy. Initial reversal of the initial procedure was performed in 28 patients. M:F ratio was 6%/94%. Inadequate weight was the primary problem in 69%, and symptoms of obstruction were present in 31%.

Results: Significant perioperative complications occurred more frequently than after primary placement (17% vs 1.1%). However, late complications were less frequent (2% vs 18%). In particular, there have been no occurrences of prolapse (slippage) of the stomach through the band or erosion of the band into the stomach in this group to date. Weight loss of 47% of excess weight had occurred at 3-year follow-up. This is not significantly different from the 53% EWL in the primary Lap-Band group. All symptoms of obstruction were relieved by the revision, and a number of comorbidities are seen to be markedly improved.

Conclusions: We observe that, when compared to primary Lap-Band placement, revision of failed bariatric procedures to Lap-Band is associated with more perioperative adverse events but fewer late complications. Weight loss is equivalent and is associated with marked improvement in comorbidities and quality of life. The outcomes are better than have been achieved by revision to another form of gastric stapling and should be considered in those patients who have had an unsatisfactory outcome from other bariatric procedures.