Impact of insulin lispro on HbA1c values in insulin pump users

Abstract

Aim: To compare the therapeutic efficacy of the short-acting insulin analogue insulin lispro (Humalog) with that of buffered regular human insulin (Velosulin) in patients on insulin pump therapy.

Patients and methods: Sixty-two (45 women and 17 men) young patients with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy were compared while using buffered regular human insulin for a mean +/- s.e.m. of 20.1+/-1.2 months or insulin lispro for a mean +/- s.e.m. of 19.7+/-0.5 months. The initial mean +/- s.e.m. age and duration of diabetes were 29.1+/-0.9 and 17.7+/-0.9 years, respectively. The mean HbA1c values, basal insulin dosages, premeal insulin dosages and number of low blood sugars were recorded during treatment with both insulins.

Results: Mean +/- s.e.m. HbA1c values were significantly lower (p < 0.001; paired Wilcoxon t-test) during insulin lispro treatment (7.4+/-0.1%) as compared to treatment with buffered regular human insulin (7.9+/-0.1%). Total units of insulin (mean +/- s.e.m.)/kg/day was significantly (p = 0.03) lower (0.61+/-0.02) during the insulin lispro treatment period as compared to the buffered regular human insulin treated period (0.65+/-0.03). Total mean +/- s.e.m. (U/kg/day) of basal insulin administered per day was higher when patients received insulin lispro treatment (0.44+/-0.02 vs. 0.42+/-0.01 for buffered regular human insulin treated period; p = 0.002). The premeal insulin boluses (mean +/- s.e.m.) for the two treatment groups were significantly different with less insulin required for the insulin lispro treatment period for all three meals (p < 0.001, t-test). The number of mild/moderate and severe hypoglycaemic episodes were similar in the two groups.

Conclusion: We conclude that use of insulin lispro in pump therapy significantly lowers HbA1c values in comparison to therapy with buffered regular human insulin insulin without increasing hypoglycaemic episodes.