A comparison of ropivacaine and bupivacaine for cervical plexus block

Abstract

We compared bupivacaine 0.5% and ropivacaine 0.75% for cervical plexus block (CB). Forty patients scheduled for carotid artery surgery were allocated randomly to undergo superficial and deep CB with 30 mL of one of the two anesthetic solutions. We evaluated the onset of anesthetic block; the requirement for supplementation during the surgery; the patients' satisfaction; postoperative pain on a visual analog scale at 1, 2, and 3 h; and the use of paracetamol as a rescue analgesic medication. Arterial blood was sampled immediately and 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after CB for measurements of bupivacaine or ropivacaine concentrations. Patients in both groups had equivalent onset of CB, local infiltration with lidocaine during surgery, and satisfaction scores. In the Bupivacaine group, visual analog scale scores were lower at 2 and 3 h, and the delay before paracetamol administration was prolonged. Observed peak concentrations were larger in the Ropivacaine group (4.25 [2.07-6.59 mg/L] vs 3.02 [0.98-5.82 mg/L]), but time to reach peak concentrations was comparable (5 [1-15 min] vs 5 [0-45 min] in the Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine groups, respectively). We conclude that ropivacaine has no advantage over bupivacaine for CB.

Implications: Compared with bupivacaine (150 mg), a larger dose of ropivacaine (225 mg) produces comparable features of cervical plexus block but less postoperative analgesia and larger plasma concentrations. There is no reason to favor ropivacaine in such a case.