[10 years experience with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation]

Abstract

Objective: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a supportive therapy used for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We present outcome, clinical parameters, and complications in a cohort of 245 ARDS patients of whom 62 were treated with ECMO.

Methods: Data of all ARDS patients were prospectively collected between 1991 and 1999. Outcome and clinical parameters of patients treated with and without ECMO were evaluated.

Results: Hundred-thirty-eight patients were referred from other hospitals, 107 were primarily located in our hospital. About one fourth of these patients was treated with ECMO. The survival rate was 55% in ECMO patients and 61% in non-ECMO patients. ECMO resulted in very few complications, one of them was fatal. No parameter before or during ECMO could be used to predict the individual prognosis.

Conclusion: ECMO is a therapeutic option for patients with severe ARDS, likely to increase survival. However, a randomized controlled study proving its benefit is still awaited. Until the development of a causal or otherwise superior therapy ECMO should be used in selected patients.