Improvement in atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia in patients in whom Helicobacter pylori was eradicated

Abstract

Background: Glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia are precancerous lesions; whether Helicobacter pylori eradication affects these lesions is controversial.

Objective: To determine whether H. pylori eradication is associated with improvement in glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia after at least 1 year.

Design: Single-blind, uncontrolled prospective trial.

Setting: Academic gastroenterology clinic in Japan.

Patients: 163 consecutive patients with dyspepsia and H. pylori infection.

Intervention: One-week course of a proton-pump inhibitor and antibiotic therapy.

Measurements: Endoscopic examination with antral and corporal biopsy was done before treatment and at 1 to 3 and 12 to 15 months after treatment. Gastritis, atrophy, and metaplasia were graded according to the updated Sydney System.

Results: In the 115 patients in whom H. pylori was eradicated, inflammation and mean neutrophil activity had decreased by 1 to 3 months, and both glandular atrophy in the corpus and intestinal metaplasia in the antrum had decreased by 12 to 15 months. Glandular atrophy in the corpus improved in 34 (89%) of 38 patients with atrophy before treatment, and intestinal metaplasia in the antrum improved in 28 (61%) of 46 patients who had metaplasia at baseline. In the 48 patients in whom eradication was unsuccessful, no significant histologic changes were observed.

Conclusion: In the year after successful H. pylori eradication, precancerous lesions improved in most patients.