Pitfalls of proximal tibial osteotomy

Abstract

Proximal tibial osteotomy for degenerative genu varus and valgus has an excellent success rate with proper patient selection and technical proficiency. The following are some infrequently recognized pitfalls. Excessive bone loss prevents two plateau weight-bearing after osteotomy, introduces a "teeter effect," and is therefore a contraindication. Patellofemoral arthritis may produce symptoms, particularly on stair climbing and necessitate secondary surgery. Varus and planning indicates postoperative articular surface obliquity in excess of 10 to 15 degrees another type of reconstruction is indicated. Secure fixation, closing wedge osteotomy, and non-displacement of the d-stal fragment prevent loss of correction. Peroneal nerve palsy may be avoided by careful surgical technique and postoperative dressings. Cracking the apical cortex and visualization of the plateau fragment will usually prevent fracture.