Folate, homocysteine and methionine loading in patients on carbamazepine

Abstract

Objectives: Some antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are associated with low levels of serum (S-FA) and erythrocyte folate (E-FA) and high levels of plasma total homocysteine (p-tHcy). We have explored the concentrations of S-FA, E-FA and p-tHcy in patients on carbamazepine (CBZ). The methionine loading test was applied for better assessment of mildly impaired homocysteine metabolism.

Material and methods: The study comprised 42 adult patients on CBZ and 42 matched healthy controls. Blood samples were drawn prior to and 6 h post methionine loading (6 h-PML) (0.1 g/kg body weight).

Results: The patients on CBZ had significantly lower concentrations of fasting S-FA and E-FA than the controls (P=0.0004, P=0.003, respectively). Fasting and 6 h-PML p-tHcy concentrations were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (P=0.03 and P=0.0001, respectively). The methionine loading test identified additional patients with hyperhomocysteinemia undetected by fasting p-tHcy.

Conclusion: CBZ therapy may be associated with low folate and high p-tHcy levels.