Protective and susceptible HLA polymorphisms in IgA nephropathy patients with end-stage renal failure

Abstract

Idiopathic immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is characterised by an extreme variability in clinical course, leading to end-stage renal failure in 15-20% of adults. This subgroup of patients with IgA nephropathy is usually included in the waiting lists of organ exchange organisations. The frequency of HLA-A,B,DR antigens of this subset of IgA nephropathy patients was calculated and compared to controls. The antigens HLA-B35 and DR5 were significantly increased in the patients with relative risk values of 1.385 and 1.487, respectively. The antigens HLA-B7, B8, DR2, and DR3 were found in a significantly lower frequency in the patients as compared to the controls. The relative risk (RR) values ranged between 0.695 and 0.727. Consequently, the haplotypes HLA-A1, B8, DR3, HLA-A3, B7, DR2, HLA-A2, B7, DR2 together with HLA-A1, B15, DR4, HLA-A9, B12, DR7, and HLA-A10, B18, DR2 were found to be protective with RR values ranging from 0.309 to 0.587. The only susceptible haplotype observed was HLA-A2-B5, DR5 (RR=2.990).