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Review
. 2001 May-Jun;30(3):299-305.

Women's knowledge of Pap smears, risk factors for cervical cancer, and cervical cancer

J Reid  1
Affiliations
  • PMID: 11383953
Review

Women's knowledge of Pap smears, risk factors for cervical cancer, and cervical cancer

J Reid. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2001 May-Jun.

Abstract

Objective: To review the literature on women's knowledge of Pap smears, risk factors for cervical cancer, and cervical cancer.

Data sources: The review was based on a search of the relevant literature over a 10-year period using MEDLINE and CINAHL.

Data extraction: Articles from relevant, indexed journals and textbooks published within the past decade were included. Seminal articles were included as appropriate.

Data synthesis: Risk factors for the development of cervical cancer have been reevaluated. The case for human papillomavirus as the cause of cervical neoplasms has been strengthened.

Conclusions: Cervical cancer is associated with early sexual debut, number of lifetime sexual partners, nonuse of condoms, and infection with human papillomavirus. Cigarette smoking facilitates development of cervical cancer.

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