Acute pancreatitis

Abstract

Acute pancreatitis is a relatively common disease with an incidence of 30 per 100,000 persons per year. In the United States, more than 80% of the cases are related to biliary stones or alcohol use. It is a potentially fatal disease with an overall mortality of 5% to 10%. When first seen, patients have an acute abdomen. It is imperative that the diagnosis be established rapidly with a thorough history, physical examination, and appropriate laboratory and imaging studies. Prompt determination of patients who need referral for intensive care or consultation is crucial. There is no specific treatment for most patients with acute pancreatitis. Supportive care includes intravenous administration of fluids, parenterally administered analgesia, nutritional support, and prevention and treatment of complications.