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Review
. 2001 Feb;82(1):3-13.
doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2613.2001.00165.x.

Strategies in subversion: de-regulation of the mammalian cell cycle by viral gene products

C Swanton  1 , N Jones
Affiliations
Review

Strategies in subversion: de-regulation of the mammalian cell cycle by viral gene products

C Swanton et al. Int J Exp Pathol. 2001 Feb.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cell cycle regulation of pRb. In G0 cells, pRb complexed to hSWI/SNF and HDAC bind to E2F leading to repression of E2F target genes such as cyclin E. Progression through G1 is accompanied by sequential activation of cyclin D and cyclin E associated cdk complexes. Cyclin D/cdk4 or cdk6 complexes relieve repression of cyclin E expression through the phosphorylation of pRb and release of HDAC. Further phosphorylation of pRb and hSWI/SNF by cyclin E/cdk2 complex results in derepression of additional target genes including cyclin A.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Viral strategies for deregulating the restriction point. A number of different strategies are employed by different DNA tumour viruses to interfere with regulators of the restriction point. Some viral encoded products activate the expression of positive regulators of G1 progression such as cyclin D2 and cyclin E. Other viral products interfere with the normal function of the negative regulator pRb either through promoting phosphorylation of pRb or through direct interaction with pRb. Finally, a number of viral products alter the levels of, or inhibit the activity of, the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors such as p16, p15, p21 and p27.
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