Mandated preterm delivery: its prevalence and impact at a tertiary referral center

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence and impact of mandated preterm deliveries at a tertiary referral center.

Methods: A chart review was conducted at our institution on all livebirths from 24 weeks to completion of 37 weeks' gestation between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 1999. Mandated delivery was defined as intentional intervention because of a deteriorating maternal or fetal condition. Reasons for intervention and intrapartum courses were compared with two other preterm groups (premature ruptured membranes, spontaneous labor) delivering during the same period. Statistical analyses included the Student t test, univariate ANOVA, X2 test and Mann-Whitney test.

Results: A total of 894 pregnancies delivered preterm, with 132 (14.8%) being mandated. Primary reasons for mandated delivery included severe pre-eclampsia (69.0%), vaginal bleeding (11.4%), deteriorating maternal illness (10.6%), worsening fetal growth restriction (6.1%) or major fetal malformation (3.0%). Delivery at less than 34 weeks was more common in the mandated group (68.9%) than in the ruptured membranes group (41.2%, p < 0.005) or in the spontaneous labor group (46.5%; p < 0.01). Cesarean section rates were higher in the mandated group (69.7%) than in the ruptured membranes group (18.3%; p <0.001) or in the spontaneous labor group (21.5%; p < 0.001). The presence of an unfavorable cervix, unsuccessful trial of labor, non-cephalic fetal presentation, or fetal intolerance of labor explained the high rate of surgery.

Conclusions: Conditions mandating delivery accounted for 14.8% of all preterm births. Mandated delivery is associated with a greater need for delivery before 34 weeks, often by Cesarean section.