Nonbladder related symptoms in patients with interstitial cystitis

Abstract

Purpose: Clinical experience and epidemiological studies suggest that patients with interstitial cystitis have multiple nonbladder related symptoms. However, to our knowledge this finding has not been tested with a validated questionnaire and matched controls. With the University of Wisconsin scale, we compare the scores for patients with interstitial cystitis to those for control subjects. This validated questionnaire includes 7 bladder and 18 reference symptoms not related to the bladder.

Materials and methods: A total of 35 female patients with interstitial cystitis and 35 age matched female controls completed the University of Wisconsin questionnaire.

Results: For the 7 bladder symptoms the difference between interstitial cystitis and control groups was extremely significant (p = 0.0001). Patients with interstitial cystitis had higher scores than controls for 2 reference symptoms, including other pelvic discomfort, backache, dizziness, chest pain, aches in joints, abdominal cramps, nausea, heart pounding and headache (p <0.01). However, they did not have higher scores for blind spots and/or blurred vision, numbness and/or tingling in fingers or toes, swollen ankles, feeling of suffocation, sore throat, cough, flu, nasal congestion and ringing in ears. The majority of patients with interstitial cystitis had a 0 score for all but 2 of the reference symptoms.

Conclusions: Patients with interstitial cystitis had increased scores for 9 reference symptoms but did not indiscriminately report high scores for generalized complaints. This result suggests that in some cases of interstitial cystitis the pathophysiology may affect other organ systems besides the bladder. Alternatively, some of these symptoms may result from changes in sleep pattern or other factors associated with interstitial cystitis.