Western Nile Virus: a new public health concern

Abstract

In August 1999, the Western Hemisphere was introduced to the Western Nile Virus for the first time in recorded history. Many states have implemented screening and identification protocols for this previously rare virus. Western Nile Virus (WNV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family and it is transmitted by the Culex pipiens mosquito, although other mosquito species have also been implicated in carrying the virus. Human infection with West Nile Virus can range from asymptomatic to full blown encephalitis with permanent neurological impairment and death. Treatment should be aimed at detecting early signs of infection. The Western Nile Virus must be tracked and detected early, so that future outbreaks can be prevented.