Atherosclerotic aneurysm of the left main coronary artery. Case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Coronary artery aneurysms involve the right coronary artery, the left anterior descending and the left circumflex coronary arteries in descending order of frequency; aneurysms involving the main left coronary artery are extremely rare. Atherosclerosis is the most common cause. Only eleven patients surgically treated with atherosclerotic left main coronary artery aneurysms are reported. We observed the twelfth case of atherosclerotic aneurysm of the left main coronary artery, successfully treated. In a 65-year-old man we found a large aneurysm originating at the distal segment of the left main coronary artery. A thromboendarterectomy was per-formed and was extended back into the left main and down the left anterior descending artery. An aneurysmorrhaphy and a three-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting were also performed. Three years later the patient was asymptomatic. Management of these cases is still controversial and based on anedoctal experience rather than controlled trials. Although surgery has been recommended to prevent complications, there are no available data comparing medical and surgical management. We feel that coronary bypasses should be performed in coronary artery aneurysm patients only when indicated by the severity of stenosis or progressive angina despite medical therapy. It is our opinion that anurysmorraphy should preserve native flow as much as possible.