Coagulopathy in Ruptured or Dissecting Aortic Aneurysms

Abstract

A consumption coagulopathy was demonstrated in each of four patients with either ruptured aneurysm of the aorta or a dissecting aortic aneurysm. The most prominent features of this disorder were (1) a prolonged prothrombine time due to a decrease of one or more clotting factors, and (2) formation of fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products. Recognition of this coagulation disorder could be a valuable diagnostic tool to differentiate a ruptured or dissecting aortic aneurysm from other conditions with a similar acute onset. The coagulation disorder could be due to liberation of coagulant material from the aortic wall into the circulation or to an accumulation of clotting factors at the site of the lesion, secondary to the local exposition of tissue factors from the torn arterial wall. The probability of the latter mechanism is suggested by the local increase of radioactivity after the injection of 125I-fibrinogen.